[Introduction Music by Terry B. Ewell]

Now, in part 1 you were introduced to small repetitions of a motive or rhythm. In the music “Emotions” sung by Mariah Carey we heard repetitions of gestures in music or groupings of notes. Here it is again:

[Video: Carey, “Emotions.”]

Now, larger gestures are usually called phrases. The Germans call them Satzen, which mean sentences in English. Satz is the singular form of the German word. I think this is a good way to remember these groupings. Let’s use the popular song “Danny Boy” to illustrate phrases. Notice that at the end of these phrases the vocalists breathe just as you might when you complete a sentence. Phrases are musical statements.

[Video: Celtic Woman, “Danny Boy,” First Section]

Now we get to even larger groupings in music. Phrases can be grouped into periods. Then periods can be gathered into sections. On screen is the form for the opening section of “Danny Boy.” The phrases are paired and then make a period. Two of these periods then make a section.

Usually, these sections are designated in music with upper case letters such as A and B. Any sections that are designated A, come first. The B section is distinguished from A sections because it is different in some important way. It could be different sounding by changing lyrics, instruments, melody, or something else. In songs usually the A section is the verse and the B section is the chorus.

Let’s listen to more of Danny Boy by Celtic Woman. On the screen I will label the phrases, periods, and sections.

[Video: Celtic Woman, “Danny Boy,” Sections A and B]

Wow, hearing such a beautiful performance is so touching. I am so glad to be alive and have this chance to share that moment with! It is just so wonderful that here we can be in college course and have our emotions and spirit touched by such beauty.

Now, let’s end our listening with Queen’s “We Will Rock You” and I will place the labels for the form on this short song. See if you agree with me!

[Video: Queen, “We Will Rock You”]

Why is this important?

Music 105 and 116 students will be making use of repetition in their compositions. In addition, Music 116 students will create compositions with A and B sections.
In conclusion, music is based on repetitions and contrasts. Learning to identify those repetitions and contrasts will help you better understand how music makes sense.